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[2] In the Belfast City Council and Derry and Strabane District Council areas, the figures at ward level vary from 99% Protestant to 92% Catholic. The Free State government and Irish nationalists hoped for a large transfer of territory to the Free State, as many border areas had nationalist majorities. In the south, the once-unpopular Easter rebels immediately became national heroes. In all, 90 per cent of children in Northern Ireland still go to separate faith schools. The exclusion of the three counties, which had nationalist majorities, ensured a unionist majority in Northern Irelandbut also a large nationalist minority. Unlike in the rest of the country, where Gaelic authority continued only in scattered, remote pockets, the major kingdoms of Ulster would mostly remain intact with English authority in the province contained to areas on the eastern coast closest to Great Britain. It would divide Ireland into two self-governing UK territories: the six northeastern counties (Northern Ireland) being ruled from Belfast, and the other twenty-six counties ( Southern Ireland) being ruled from Dublin. Its more evenly split, with a growing percentage of people in the north of Ireland who do not align themselves either as Protestant or Catholic, which means theres now a pretty sizable minority that is outside of this cultural antipathy altogether. All of these factors hardened Protestant suspicion in the north and their reluctance to be drawn into an independent Ireland in the south. Northern Ireland's golf courses include the Royal Belfast Golf Club (the earliest, formed in 1881), Royal Portrush Golf Club, which is the only course outside Great Britain to have hosted The Open Championship, and Royal County Down Golf Club (Golf Digest magazine's top-rated course outside the United States).[206][207]. While bloodied protestors fled into the freezing river for protection, the RUC officers stood aside and did nothing to protect them, says Smyth. That place, of course, was subservience for 50 years after the foundation of Northern Ireland, with only one token Catholic in government all that time and all senior positions in areas such as . These nine county teams participate in the Ulster Senior Football Championship, Ulster Senior Hurling Championship, All-Ireland Senior Football Championship and All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. How do other sports in the island cope with the situation? They are officially used while applying for an Irish passport, which requires one to state one's county of birth. England, Wales and Northern Ireland enjoy hottest day of the year - MSN Spellings still vary greatly in everyday usage. There are too many such areas to list here, so the best bet is to behave courteously everywhere you go. In May 2022 it was announced the population had risen to 1.9 million,. Northern Ireland has more Catholics than Protestants for first time Further Protestant victories in the Williamite-Jacobite War (168891) solidified Anglican Protestant rule in the Kingdom of Ireland. Even kerbstones in some areas are painted red-white-blue or green-white-orange, depending on whether local people express unionist/loyalist or nationalist/republican sympathies. None of the hills are especially high, with Slieve Donard in the dramatic Mournes reaching 850 metres (2,789ft), Northern Ireland's highest point. The Anglo-Irish Treaty that ended the War of Independence then created the Irish Free State in the south, giving it dominion status within the British Empire. The Ulster Cycle is a large body of prose and verse centring on the traditional heroes of the Ulaid in what is now eastern Ulster. There are a lot of reasons that still make me think Ireland will eventually reunite. Of course, theyre all Irish, but they just have fundamentally different conceptions of what that means, says Weaver. What drives human exploration of the unknown? [150] The biggest of the Protestant/other Christian denominations were the Presbyterian Church (16.6%), the Church of Ireland (11.5%) and the Methodist Church (2.3%). Most of Ireland at the outbreak of war in 1914 remained loyal to the United Kingdom. It is described as being related to Irish Sign Language at the syntactic level while much of the lexicon is based on British Sign Language (BSL). In 2021, its population was 1,903,100,[15] making up about 27% of Ireland's population and about 3% of the UK's population. The Troubles (Irish: Na Trioblid) was an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland during the late 20th century. According to the 2021 Census, in 94.74% of households, all people aged 16 and above spoke English as their main language. The Lower and Upper River Bann, River Foyle and River Blackwater form extensive fertile lowlands, with excellent arable land also found in North and East Down, although much of the hill country is marginal and suitable largely for animal husbandry. The vast majority of Northern Ireland has a temperate maritime climate, (Cfb in the Kppen climate classification) rather wetter in the west than the east, although cloud cover is very common across the region. [1] English is a de facto official language. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. A man walks past a Marian mural in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Feb. 20, 2013. [136] Until the end of the Middle Ages, the land was heavily forested. The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began in Ulster. [41], Unionists were in a minority in Ireland as a whole, but a majority in the province of Ulster, especially the counties Antrim, Down, Armagh and Londonderry. For 30 years, Northern Ireland was scarred by a period of deadly sectarian violence known as . Meanwhile, the majority in Southern Ireland (which became the Irish Free State in 1922), and a significant minority in Northern Ireland, were Irish nationalists (generally Catholics) who wanted a united independent Ireland. 1824, completed 1846. No clubs have ever reached the group stage. The majority of its residents are Catholic. Since the digital TV switchover, RT One, RT2 and the Irish-language channel TG4, are now available over the air on the UK's Freeview system from transmitters within Northern Ireland. [169], Under the Good Friday Agreement, Irish and Ulster Scots (an Ulster dialect of the Scots language, sometimes known as Ullans), are recognised as "part of the cultural wealth of Northern Ireland". The unemployment that had been so persistent in the 1930s disappeared, and labour shortages appeared, prompting migration from the Free State. The Catholic population is young with the number rising to 49%. [150] At the 2011 census, 41.5% of the population identified as Protestant/other Christian, 41% as Roman Catholic, 0.8% as other religions, while 17% identified with no religion or did not state one. Parishes in Northern Ireland | nidirect The Golfing Union of Ireland, the governing body for men's and boy's amateur golf throughout Ireland and the oldest golfing union in the world, was founded in Belfast in 1891. Government However, many players from Northern Ireland compete with clubs in England and Scotland.