Now the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)the main supporter of chimpanzees maintained for biomedical researchfinds itself facing an incendiary debate over whether it should phase out such studies or breed more animals for future generations of investigators. NEAVS J The purpose of mentioning them is to acknowledge that there are potential alternatives to NHPs and other animal models. WebNEW ENGLAND ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY 333 Washington Street, Suite 850 Boston, MA 02108 Phone: 617-523-6020 Fax: 617-523-7925 Email: info@neavs.org neavs.org 2016 brought enormous success to NEAVS long-standing focus on non-animal alternatives and chimpanzees. . R These concepts are in quite early stages of development, and their eventual contribution to translational research is uncertain (see, e.g., a discussion in the SCHEER Report, 2017). Neeves, D.W.M. Campaigns: program work that aims to increase public awareness of and support to end the use of Animals in research or to change societal or institutional practices regarding general or specific Anti-Vivisection issues.education: program work that aims to educate and support students at all levels of public or private education and professional training regarding the use of alternatives to classroom animal use or to change educational institutional practices regarding the harmful use of Animals in education.grants/awards: program work that supports collaboration with like minded individuals and organizations. , Morris TH. Problems related to transportation can therefore be troublesome for researchers. <>>> Founded by Ethel Thurston, PhD, in 1977, AFAAR's mission is to "promote and assist the development and use of alternatives to animals in science." Foreman With the support of people like you, we save animals from F WebThe NADL (later renamed the National Animal Disease Center, or NADC) contained research and regulatory laboratories. Animals don't have to be used for human's wants. , Emborg ME. [37][38], In 2010 NEAVS, along with other animal protection organizations, petitioned the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) to review a policy listing chimpanzees as "endangered" under the Endangered Species Act when found in the wild and "threatened" when in captivity. Projects Cox Zimmermann, E.J. K Mapping, rather than sequencing per se, has been used successfully to identify Quantitative Trait Loci in baboons that contribute to complex diseases (Cox et al. This effort was accompanied by an innovative use of the internet to report the details of experiments in real time before publication, as an aid to other investigators. This article discusses various approaches toward therapies developed in NHPs that are in the early clinical trial stage in humans. [47], NEAVS supports using alternatives to animals in research, testing, and education, and promotes in vitro, epidemiological, and clinical study data as more predictive for humans. They cite approaches to vaccine development that were first tested successfully in NHPs and have now moved to Phase II human clinical trials and also make the point that some vaccine approaches that appeared to be successful in mice, but were not tested in NHPs, failed in humans. The Secure Remote Viewer (SRV) Vision research provides one of the most clear-cut examples of the advantages of NHP preclinical models because of the close physiological similarities between humans and NHPs. CRISPR/Cas9-based approaches make it possible to rather easily modify virtually any gene, or to create inactivated or deleted genes (knockouts) or to introduce genes of interest into the genome (knockins). Harding Y I am not aware of any publication that has examined the comparative rigor with which studies using different species (for example, rodents versus NHPs or other large animals) have been performed. In the United States, primary roles for regulating NHP husbandry, breeding, and use is performed by the US Department of Agriculture and the NIH Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2013; Vasbinder and Locke 2016), the European Union (Olsson et al. , Locke P. Grimm A feature of NHP research is that the demand for some species waxes and wanes over time, for example for baboons and marmosets. % NHPs provide particularly useful preclinical models for studying these conditions, because, like humans, optimal visual acuity depends on frontally placed eyes, retinal specializations, and binocular vision. Dr. Capaldos verbal testimony: Committee on Chimpanzees in Please support our vital campaigns and outreach programs. Capaldo and her newly elected board of directors came with extensive animal protection and animal rights experience and have included individuals with medical, veterinary, psychology, mental health, sociology, and legal credentials, such as Sarah Luick, Esq., a founding member of the Animal Legal Defense Fund (ALDF). WebAs previously reported by NABR, the New England Anti-Vivisection Society (NEAVS) has drastically increased its FOIA use by hundreds of requests per month. The Endangered Lab Chimp | Science neavs Monroe, C. Baird, J. Peterson, A. Mast, M. Manco-Johnson, M. Stobb, S. Sindi, A. Fogelson, K. Leiderman, K.B. I dedicate this paper to the memory of Dr. Andrew Lackner: scientist, mentor, and great champion of translational research using NHPs. Taylor Foreman and colleagues discuss the use of NHPs as preclinical models for development of vaccines that protect against infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and for therapies that can ameliorate tuberculosis. In 2016, a white paper published by the National Association for Biomedical Research briefly discussed scientific breakthroughs that required the use of NHPs (National Association for Biomedical Research 2016). They point out that NHPs are more similar to humans than are rodents in a number of aspects of energy metabolism, including the major site of de novo lipogenesis (liver vs. adipose tissue), major classes of circulating lipoproteins, and the physiology of thermogenesis and insulin-mediated glucose utilization. The well-established difference in the response of Indian- versus Chinese-origin rhesus macaques to infection by simian immunodeficiency virus is a graphic example of this phenomenon (Harding 2017 and references therein; Van Rompay 2017). . WebAccording to our records, this business is located at 45 Memorial Cir in Augusta (in Kennebec County), Maine 04330, the location GPS coordinates are: 44.3101021 (latitude), -69.7801427 (longitude). Takibana Herson, D.W.M. In January of 2017, NNEVS became an independent Non-Profit Vascular Ultrasound Society, no longer affiliated with SVU as a chapter. , Gautam A. Xue JD 2016). L WebThe NIH announces an end to funding biomedical research on chimpanzees and that all federally-owned chimpanzees are eligible for retirement to sanctuary, 2015. 1-4, British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection, "Amory eulogized for wit, work for animal rights", "Making Burros Fly: Cleveland Amory, Animal Rescue Pioneer", "ICCVAM Summary Review Document: The Low Volume Eye Test", "Fido Goes to the lab: Amending the Animal Welfare Act to Require Animal Rescue Facilities to Disclose Pound Seizure Practices to Pet Owners", "Toxicology Testing Called into Question", "Comparison of Alternatives Offered by Veterinary Schools", "Students Can Voice Their Choice in Massachusetts", "Ed commissioner pushes for dissection alternatives", "Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks: Policy on Dissection and Dissection Alternatives Activities", "U.S. to Begin Retiring Most Research Chimps", "Release and Restitution for Chimpanzees in U.S. Laboratories (Project R&R)", "A Review of Autopsy Reports on Chimpanzees in or from U.S. Laboratories", "Lessons from Chimpanzee-Based Research on Human Disease: The Implications of Genetic Differences", "An Assessment of the Use of Chimpanzees in Hepatitis C Research Past, Present and Future (Part 1): Validity of the Chimpanzee Model", "An Examination of Chimpanzee Use in Human Cancer Research", "An Assessment of the Role of Chimpanzees in AIDS Vaccine Research", "The Great Ape Protection and Cost Savings Act", "Petition Before the Fish and Wildlife Service United States Department of the Interior", "U.S. [20] The resulting test better predicted human lethal blood concentrations. She was elected NEAVS' first woman president in 1998. The reviews herein provide detailed information that updates and augments these papers and websites. For general information submit a message through our CONTACT FORM. [38][55][56][57], Through its Sanctuary Fund, NEAVS makes grants to organizations providing lifetime care for animals previously used in research. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Every year in the U.S., millions of animals are used as models in biological and medical research to study human disease, injury, development, psychology, Maine Biomedical Research Cltn is categorized under Foundation Educational Philanthropic Research (SIC code 8733). Details of these alternative approaches are outside the purview of this review. Michelle Wade, Continuing Education Coordinator. New England Anti-Vivisection Society Matthew Banks and colleagues review many of the preclinical studies aimed at understanding the etiology of substance abuse disorders (drug addiction) and developing therapies using preclinical animal models, particularly NHPs. An example is the transfer of macaques and marmosets from the New England NPRC to four other NPRCs when the New England Center closed in 2015. The articles in this issue of the ILAR Journal provide a rich and nuanced picture of the utility of NHP preclinical models for understanding and treating human disease. G This contrasts with the situation in Japan, where the marmoset has served as the basis of extensive efforts to develop transgenic animals and appears to be in relatively plentiful supply for domestic researchers (Cyranoski 2014). Information includes, among others, the animals age and sex, source of supply, genetic constitution, pathogen status, diet, housing, and others. Research using all vertebrate animals, including NHPs, and the characteristics of the facilities that house and breed animals are regulated in North America (Griffin and Locke 2016; Tardif et al. As pointed out in the article, several different animal models have been used, and model development remains a very active area of preclinical research. WebBiomedical Research. 2016) should increase and contribute to the utility of NHPs for translational research. Currently, AFAAR and NEAVS offer a one-year postdoctoral fellowship grant to fund women researchers who work to develop, validate, or use animal alternatives in investigating women's health or sex differences in research results. Animal Research is Hazardous Waste examines the millions of animals bred, used, and disposed as contaminated or hazardous waste. Dudley 2014, reviewed in Harding 2017). Much of this discussion is centered around the use of rodents, not NHPs, and is based, in part, on two observations: First, data obtained from animal models obtained by academic laboratories and their industrial collaborators, published in highly regarded peer-reviewed journals, often cannot be reproduced by development teams within pharmaceutical companies. Biomedical Research - American Anti-Vivisection Society The New England Anti-Vivisection Society (NEAVS) is a national, registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization "dedicated to ending the use of animals in research, testing, and science education" and replacing them with "modern alternatives that are ethically, humanely, and scientifically superior. JA 2017) and the mandate by a small number of US Congress members in 2016 for the NIH to review its policies on the oversight of NHP research (Grimm 2016; see the NIH final report at https://www.cnprc.ucdavis.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/NIH-NHP-Workshop-Report.pdf, which reaffirmed the importance of NHP research). WebNEW ENGLAND ANtI-VIVISECtIoN SoCIEtY Phone: Fax: Email: 617.523.6020 617.523.7925 info@neavs.org presidents Annual Message support to end chimpanzee use in biomedical research, our work has, as importantly, set the stage for arguments regard-ing the use of all species. JP Second, once drugs have been developed by the companies and their collaborators, Phase II and Phase III human clinical trials can have failure rates of 50% or more (Hay et al. Our mission is to provide an opportunity for the Northern New England Sonographers, not just vascular, but all sonographers a means for continuing medical educational programs and sharing of opportunities for growth. NEAVS supports using alternatives to animals in research, testing, and education, and promotes in vitro, epidemiological, and clinical study data as more predictive for humans. NEAVS funds scientists developing alternatives, and advocates for policies requiring use of validated animal alternatives in research and testing. National Association for Biomedical Research
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